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ZYBERNO

Stock Report

Updated Sep 2, 2026

AMBOW EDUCATION HOLDING LTD. (AMBO)

NYSE

$2.03

Professional Investment Analysis

ZYBERNO SCORE →

Is it a great business? Is it getting better?

21.0/100

POOR BUSINESS

AMBOW EDUCATION HOLDING LTD. (AMBO) scores 21/100 — concerning metrics indicating significant structural or financial risks.

📊 How is the Zyberno Score calculated? +

The Zyberno Score answers one question: "Is this a quality business worth owning?" It's a 0-100 investment grade that evaluates business fundamentals across four critical dimensions, based on principles from Warren Buffett, Benjamin Graham, Peter Lynch, and Charlie Munger.

The 4 Core Categories (25 points each):

1. PROFITABILITY (25 pts)

Metrics: ROE, ROIC, Net Margin, Operating Margin
Thresholds: ROE >20% excellent • ROIC >20% excellent • Net Margin >20% excellent • Operating Margin >25% excellent

2. FINANCIAL STRENGTH (25 pts)

Metrics: Debt-to-Equity, Current Ratio, Interest Coverage, Altman Z-Score
Thresholds: D/E <0.3 excellent • Current Ratio >2.5 excellent • Interest Coverage >10x excellent • Altman Z >3.0 safe

3. CASH FLOW QUALITY (25 pts)

Metrics: Free Cash Flow, OCF vs Net Income, FCF Margin
Thresholds: Positive & growing FCF excellent • OCF/NI >1.2x excellent (cash earnings exceed accounting)

4. GROWTH & CONSISTENCY (25 pts)

Metrics: Revenue Growth, Net Income Growth, FCF Growth, Piotroski F-Score
Thresholds: Growth via log-linear regression • Piotroski 8-9 excellent, 6-7 good

Score Interpretation:

75-100

GREAT BUSINESS

65-74

GOOD BUSINESS

50-64

AVERAGE BUSINESS

30-49

WEAK BUSINESS

0-29

POOR BUSINESS

→ View full AMBO quality analysis & detailed breakdown

VALUATION SIGNAL

MARGIN OF SAFETY

Is this stock cheap or expensive relative to what the business has historically generated for owners?

Margin of Safety unavailable — insufficient data for the owner-earnings DCF.

BRINA GAP ↗

Is the market underestimating or overestimating what this business is capable of going forward?

-169.7%

Market Overestimates

💰 How is Margin of Safety calculated? +

Margin of Safety measures how much discount or premium you're paying relative to a stock's intrinsic value. It's Benjamin Graham's core principle: the larger the margin, the lower your downside risk.

Formula: (Intrinsic Value − Current Price) ÷ Intrinsic Value × 100%

How We Calculate Intrinsic Value (DCF Method):

Step 1: Calculate current Owner Earnings (OCF − Maintenance CapEx)

Step 2: Calculate company-specific growth rate using log-linear regression on 16 quarters of Owner Earnings

Step 3: Project 10 years forward using the calculated growth rate

Step 4: Discount each year's cash flow to present value using 10% discount rate

Step 5: Calculate terminal value using 3% perpetual growth rate

Step 6: Sum all discounted cash flows = Intrinsic Value

What The Percentages Mean:

+50% or more

EXCELLENT — Very undervalued

+25% to +50%

GOOD — Attractive discount

0% to +25%

FAIR — Reasonable value

0% to -25%

CAUTION — Slight premium

-25% or worse

POOR — Overvalued

"Price is what you pay, value is what you get." — Warren Buffett

→ View full AMBO valuation analysis · → View full AMBO Brina Gap analysis

📈 How is Brina Gap calculated? +

Brina Gap measures the difference between the growth a business can fundamentally sustain and the growth the market is already pricing in.

Formula: Fundamental Growth Rate − Market-Implied Growth Rate

The Two Components:

Fundamental Growth Rate = ROIC × Reinvestment Rate

What the business can sustainably grow at based on how much it reinvests and what return it earns on that capital. Grounded in historical financials.

Market-Implied Growth Rate = Reverse DCF

The growth rate the current Enterprise Value implicitly assumes. Calculated by back-solving a 10-year DCF model (10% WACC, 3% terminal growth) until the present value of projected cash flows equals EV.

What The Gap Means:

Gap > +5% Market Underestimates — potential upside

+2% to +5% Slight Underestimate

-2% to +2% Fairly Priced — market consensus matches fundamentals

-5% to -2% Slight Overestimate

Gap < -5% Market Overestimates — price embeds optimism fundamentals don't support

A positive gap (market underestimates) combined with a positive Margin of Safety is the strongest combined signal — the business is both cheap historically and forward economics are stronger than the price suggests.

Critical Financial Health Indicators

Return on Equity (Profitability):CRITICAL (0.0%)

Debt-to-Equity (Solvency Risk):POOR (1.29x)

Operating Margin (Operational Efficiency):CRITICAL (0.0%)

Return on Capital (Capital Efficiency):AVERAGE (12.2%)

📊 Valuation Trilogy

Three interconnected metrics for complete valuation analysis

Click any metric for full methodology and detailed analysis

Zyberno's Verdict

AMBOW EDUCATION HOLDING LTD. (AMBO) stock report — Zyberno Score 21/100 (POOR BUSINESS). Full financial analysis on Zyberno.

According to Zyberno's DCF model, AMBOW EDUCATION HOLDING LTD. (AMBO) shows a Brina Gap of -169.7%, which weakens the case: based on the company's ROIC (12.2%) and reinvestment rate (-1,475.7%), the business can fundamentally grow at -179.9% — but the current enterprise value implies the market expects -10.2%.

DIVISION I: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Market Valuation

Market Price & Capitalization (2)

Current Price:2.03

Market Cap:$5.77M

Valuation Multiples (3)

P/B Ratio:0.67x

P/S Ratio:0.61x

Peg Ratio:-999.00x

Enterprise Metrics (2)

Enterprise Value:$5.58M

Ev Ebitda Ratio:4.01x

Price Action & Momentum (3)

12-1 Momentum:

-41.8% (27th pctile)

📈 Click to view full AMBO Momentum analysis →

Momentum Percentile:27 / 100

% of 52-Week High:30.1%

B. Profitability Assessment

Return Metrics (5)

Roic:

12.2%

📊 Click to view full AMBO ROIC analysis →

Reinvestment Rate:-1,475.7%

Fundamental Growth Rate (g):-179.9%

Market-Implied Growth Rate:-10.2%

Brina Gap:

-169.7%

☷ Click to view full AMBO Brina Gap analysis →

Margin Analysis (1)

Ebitda Margin:14.7%

Yield Metrics (2)

Earnings Yield:-$999.00

Dividend Yield:0.0%

C. Log-Linear Regression Growth Trends

Revenue Growth (Linear) (1)

Revenue Growth Rate (Linear):-35.1%

Earnings Growth (Linear) (1)

Net Income Growth Rate (Linear):-30.4%

Operating Growth (Linear) (1)

Operating Income Growth Rate (Linear):-28.5%

D. Financial Stability

Liquidity Ratios (3)

Current Ratio:2.44x

Quick Ratio:2.34x

Cash Ratio:1.17x

Leverage Analysis (3)

Debt To Equity Ttm:1.29x

Debt-to-Equity Ratio:1.29x

Debt To Ebitda:3.07x

Coverage Ratios (2)

Interest Coverage Ratio:273.00x

Times Interest Earned:273.00

Capital Structure (4)

Working Capital:5,528,000.00

Cash And Cash Equivalents:4,469,000.00

Long Term Debt:$2.70M

Net Debt:-$195.00K

DIVISION II: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ANALYSIS

A. Income Statement Analysis

Revenue Components (2)

Revenue TTM: $9.47M

Linear Growth: -35.1%

📊 Click to view full AMBO Revenue analysis & methodology →

Cost Of Revenue Ttm:$4.28M

Profitability Breakdown (2)

Gross profit TTM: $5.19M

Linear Growth: 7.6%

📊 Click to view full AMBO Gross Profit analysis & methodology →

Operating income TTM: $1.37M

Linear Growth: -28.5%

📊 Click to view full AMBO Operating Income analysis & methodology →

Bottom Line Performance (3)

Net income TTM: $1.36M

Linear Growth: -30.4%

📊 Click to view full AMBO Net Income analysis & methodology →

Income Before Tax:$2.24M

Ebitda Ttm:1,392,000.00

Operating Expenses (5)

Operating Expenses:5,018,000.00

R And D Expense:553,000.00

Sga Expense:3,161,000.00

Income Tax Expense:$67.00K

Interest Expense:5,000.00

Expense Ratios (3)

R And D To Revenue Percentage:23.1%

Sga To Revenue Percentage:132.1%

Ebitda Margin:14.7%

B. Balance Sheet Analysis

Asset Composition (5)

Total Assets:$19.19M

Current Assets:$9.36M

Ppe Net:1,774,000.00

Goodwill:3,245,500.14

Intangible Assets:$2.38M

Liability Structure (4)

Total Liabilities:10,599,000.00

Current Liabilities:3,836,000.00

Long Term Debt:$2.70M

Short Term Debt:$1.57M

Equity & Capital (3)

Equity:$8.59M

Retained Earnings:-$508.69M

Common Stock:40,000,000.00

Working Capital Items (3)

Accounts Receivable:1,297,000.00

Inventory:380,000.00

Accounts Payable:559,000.00

Special Items (2)

Contract Liabilities:152,000.00

Stock Based Compensation:154,000.00

C. Cash Flow Analysis

Operating Activities (2)

$137.00K-$463.00K

Investment Activities (1)

Investing Cash Flow:-$132.00K

Financing Activities (3)

Financing Cash Flow:$500.00K

Dividends Paid Ttm:0.00

Stock Repurchase:0.00

Capital Transactions (3)

Common Stock Issuance:5,270,845.12

Long Term Debt Issuance:$178.22K

Long Term Debt Repayments:$509.93K

Non-Cash Items (1)

Depreciation Amortization Ttm:27,000.00

DIVISION III: OPERATIONAL METRICS

A. Per Share Analysis

Earnings Per Share (1)

Earnings Per Share Ttm:$0.48

Revenue & Cash Per Share (2)

Sales Per Share Ttm:3.33

Operating Cash Flow Per Share:$0.05

Book Value & Capital (2)

Book Value Per Share:$3.02

Cash Per Share:1.57

Dividend Policy (1)

Dividend Payout Ratio:-999.00x

B. Operational Efficiency

Asset Utilization (2)

Asset Turnover Ttm:0.48x

Working Capital Turnover Ttm:1.71x

Receivables Management (2)

Receivables Turnover Ttm:7.30x

Days Sales Outstanding Ttm:50.00

Inventory Management (2)

Inventory Turnover Ttm:11.27x

Days Inventory Outstanding Ttm:32.38

Payables & Cash Cycle (2)

Days Payable Outstanding:47.63

Cash Conversion Cycle:34.74

C. Quality & Risk Metrics

Financial Quality Scores (2)

Financial Strength Score:80.00

Quality Score:75.00

Market Metrics (2)

Beta:0.00x

Volatility Category:unknown

DIVISION IV: INVESTMENT ANALYSIS

A. Value Investment Framework

Damodaran Growth Analysis (4)

Reinvestment Rate:-1,475.7%

Fundamental Growth Rate (g):-179.9%

Market-Implied Growth Rate:-10.2%

Brina Gap:

-169.7%

☷ Click to view full AMBO Brina Gap analysis →

B. Log-Linear Regression Growth Analysis

Growth Rates (Log-Linear Regression) (3)

Revenue Growth Rate (Linear):-35.1%

Net Income Growth Rate (Linear):-30.4%

Operating Income Growth Rate (Linear):-28.5%

Other Growth Rates (1)

Gross Profit Growth Rate (Linear):7.6%

C. Company Profile & Context

Corporate Information (6)

Symbol:AMBO

Company Name:AMBOW EDUCATION HOLDING LTD.

Sector:Unknown

Industry:Education

Exchange:NYSE

Country:United States

Market Classification (3)

Market Cap Category:N/A

Price Category:low

Volume Category:N/A

Share Structure (3)

Shares Outstanding:2.84M

Shares Outstanding Basic:57.13M

Shares Outstanding Diluted:57.13M

Data Processing Info (3)

Processing Version:v3.0

Last Updated:2026-09-02 00:13:58 UTC

Data Timestamp:2026-08-23T00:55:40.772804